TV News: representation and bias

1) Whose perspective have Sky News used to present the story? In the opening shot they talk about how 8 policemen are in hospital  

2) How are the police represented in this coverage? They are represented as the hero and trying to make them look innocent. 

3) How are young people represented in this coverage? They are represented as the ones that created the riots and the violent ones.

4) What images and videos are selected by Sky News to accompany the story? There are a lot of Citizen journalism and most shot where from the police angle to make the audience feel that the teenager are the problem .

5) What choice of words is used to present this news event? they use word that make the rioters look bad and use words such as, looting,smashing, criminal investigating.

6) What aspect of the story is chosen as the most important detail and included at the very beginning of the report? At the start they have a action code of a UCC of the bus on fire and shows where people can find out more about the story.

7) How is narrative used to engage the audience with this news story? They start the story with the policemen that were in hospital and say how the riots happened. 

8) How can we apply Todorov’s equilibrium theory to this coverage? They say that it was a normal day and police were investigating. The disequilibrium will be when the shots were fired and people started to fight against the police. The new equilibrium will be when everything goes back to what it was like.

9) What examples of Propp’s character types can we find in this coverage? Are there heroes and villains? The heros are the policemen and the news makes the teenagers look like vilian.

10) How might citizen journalism have been used to provide a different angle on this story? It will show another point of view for the audience and it is UCC.

Planning a TV news running order

1) BBC News-round
2)

• David Cameron’s office has announced he will be visiting Washington next week to meet President Obama.
• A tweet by Miley Cyrus telling a fan to ‘get a life’ has started a ‘Twitter storm’.
• Lady Gaga is in London and has been spotted jogging in Hyde Park.
• Cheryl Cole has announced she is pregnant.
• A well-known politician has been named on Twitter as being investigated by police for fraud.

3) Personal relationship, Diversion 

4) BBC at 6..........Diversion and surveillance 

• Israel has shelled a residential area of Gaza killing around 25 civilians.
• Gunfire has been reported on the streets of Moscow although no there are no details as yet regarding who has opened fire or why.
• An anti-austerity march against government cuts has been held in London today and was attended by 50,000 people. The protest was calm.
• Two prisoners convicted of armed robbery have escaped from Wormwood Scrubs prison in West London
• 20 people were killed in 15 different road accidents over the previous weekend.

5) BBC news at 6 has a target audience of 25 to 40. They will be middle class people. Male 55% and 45% female.

 

News values

Negativity
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/nepal/11564972/Nepal-earthquake-Moment-avalanche-hits-Everest-mountaineers.html

A climber on Mount Everest captured the moment a huge wall of snow hit the mountain's base camp

Closeness to home
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2799820/alice-gross-murder-suspect-allegedly-walked-homeless-shelter-carrying-bag-missing-schoolgirl-s-body-inside.html
Alice Gross murder suspect 'walked into a homeless shelter carrying a bag with missing schoolgirl's body inside' 


Immediacy
http://news.sky.com/story/1478971/general-election-2015-voters-decide
The polls are open and after six weeks of frantic campaigning voters across the UK decide who should form the next government.
Simplicity

http://news.sky.com/story/1479411/siemens-uk-workers-face-redundancy-threat                                                Siemens UK Workers Face Redundancy Threat                                                                                             About half the 4,500 jobs will go in Germany as part of a cost-cutting drive, but the firm cannot say where the rest will be lost.

Uniqueness

http://news.sky.com/story/1478141/cop-sues-after-free-starbucks-spills-on-him

Cop Sues After Free Starbucks Spills On Him

The North Carolina officer's wife also says she lost "her intimate partner" as a result of the hot beverage spillage.

Elite nations or people

 http://news.sky.com/story/1479106/human-traffickers-targeting-nepalese-villages                                              Human Traffickers Targeting Nepalese Villages. Some 15,000 girls are trafficked each year and charities fear displacement camps set up after the earthquake are being targeted.

Case study 4

2) How does Newsround use the key conventions of TV news? They use text on screen, animation, camera work

3) Who are the presenters for BBC Newsround? Why do Newsround have a variety of presenters? Jenny Lawrence. They have a new presenter every show and they include people with disability  

4) Are any other presenters or reporters used? they have different presenter for different story 

5) What does the studio look like? How is technology used in programme? the studio is morden with bright colours 

6) What is the opening sequence to Newsround? Does it fit the key conventions of TV news? from a high angle it zooms in to their presenter 
17) How does Newsround typically present a news story?  presenter to camera, reporter on location, interviews, graphics, images, video 


8) Who is the target audience for Newsround? You may want to research this online. They have a younger audince as they are presented on CBBC

9) Is there an opportunity for the audience to get involved in the programme? Do young people feature in the news programme at all? they have interview with kids and what  they think if the story

10) What news stories are covered in the broadcasts you have watched? List ALL the stories that are covered AND the order that they appear in. How long does each story appear for? Fizzy drink,school class room, Prince Harry, Dog with no limbs and feeding dukes bread 


60 second 
2) How does the BBC3 60 Second News use the key conventions of TV news? They have animation, text on screen
3) Who are the presenters for the BBC3 60 Second News? What do you notice about their age and how they are dressed? They are young adults with casual clothes 

4) Are any other presenters or reporters used? different reporters when they are in a different palce

5) What does the studio look like? How is technology used in programme? How are graphics used in the presentation of the news? the back ground is a green screen with news story's 

6) What is the opening shot of the BBC3 60 Second News? Does it fit the key conventions of TV news? the logo and the presenter introducing himself 

7) How does the BBC3 60 Second News typically present a news story?  presenter to camera, reporter on location, interviews, graphics, images, video 

8) Who is the target audience for the BBC3 60 Second News? You may want to research this online. Why does the BBC feature news on a predominantly entertainment-based channel? The target audited is young adults  

9) Is there an opportunity for the audience to get involved in the programme? Do young people feature in the news programme at all? there is a young presenter 

10) What news stories are covered in the broadcasts you have watched? List ALL the stories that are covered AND the order that they appear in. How long does each story appear for? peopelin jail, tennis, comedian, schools

BBC News details

Basic details1.What do the letters BBC stand for? British Broadcasting Corporation2. How is the BBC funded? Funded principally by an annual television licence fee which is charged to all British households, companies, and organisations using any type of equipment to receive or record live television broadcasts.3.What is the BBC's famous mission statement? To enrich people's lives with programmes and services that inform, educate and entertain.4.What is BBC1's programme remit? BBC Trust
5.How does the BBC News at Six fit into BBC1's remit? They have different type of race and follow the 3 rules which are inform, educate and entertain.Presenters1.Who are the presenters of BBC News at Six? Fiona Bruce, Sophie Raworth, George Alagiah2.What are the presenters wearing? What does this communicate to the audience? They are wearing formal clothes
3.Why might a TV News programme use a variety of presenters? This is done so they aren’t seen raciest and they have to follow BBC Trust4.How are other reporters or presenters used in the TV news programme? There are shown as being relaxed and welcoming.5. Is there a balance between male and female presenters? What about race/ethnicity? What effect might these aspects have on an audience? Yes, there is a Asian man and a female which makes the show less sexist and the they have to follow the Government law about. The audience want to watch it.Opening sequenceAnalyse the opening 2 minutes of the programme.1.What is the very first shot? Zooming into the presenter
2.How does the opening sequence use graphics or images to grab the attention of the audience? The introduction with the world and it names
3. How is music used in the opening sequence? starting whem the top story come on
4. How are news stories introduced in the opening two minutes? Is there just one story or are the audience told what will be coming up later? First they tell you the story and start the main news
Studio mise-en-scene1.What aspects of the studio can be seen by the audience?
2.Are the presenters standing or behind desks? Why do you think this is? The Presenters are sitting behind the desk because it is more formal than standing or sitting on a sofa.3. Are journalists or technology visible? What might these things suggest to the audience?  Technology is visible throughout this could suggest to the audience that they have the most recent facts.4.How does the studio use colour? The studio sticks to a consistent red colour theme.How news stories are presented1:How does the news programme typically present a story? They typically present the news stories with voice overs on videos and images.2:What difference techniques does the programme use to present the news? presenter to camera, reporter on location, interviews, and voice overs on videos and images.4:What types of news does the TV News programme typically cover? Give five examples (e.g. politics, international, sport etc.)World, Political, Health, Education and sport.5:Give two real examples of how news stories are presented to keep the interest of the audience.The General Election, Interviews, Coverage with voice overs.Nepalese Earthquakes, Filmed on location, Interviews, Citizen Journalism. Running orderWatch the first 15 minutes of the programme – as recent as you can find.1:What is the top story? The earthquakes in Nepal.2:How long does the top story last for?Approx. 10 Minutes3:What are the other stories the programme does or will cover? List them in the order they are presented in (the ‘running order’). The Assaults by Australian Nurse General Election4:How long is each story shown for?5 Minutes Approx5:Why do you think each story was shown for the time it was?It allowed for sufficient coverage.Audience1:What is the target audience for this BBC News at Six? Research online – you should be able to find plenty of suggestions to the target audience if not the official target audience of the programme.Over 35 Years old2:What are the viewing figures for BBC News at Six? 9.6 million on average per week.3:Why might someone choose to watch this TV news programme over others? They are a reliable source. It is also on at a time when the audience are home from work.4:Is there an opportunity for the audience to get involved in the programme or comment?   They Can get involved on twitter.5:What audience pleasures (Uses and Gratifications theory – Blumler and Katz) does the programme offer?   It lets people know what is going on around the world despite not being there.Institution1:What other news programmes and services does the BBC offer in addition to the BBC News at Six?    The BBC has several radio shows, entertainment, lifestyle, knowledge and sport news.2:What role does OFCOM have in making sure TV News is fair and accurate?   OFCOM set regulations for most TV and Radio Shows. Section 5 ensures that news, in whatever        form, is reported with due accuracy and presented with due impartially. However, BBC News is          NOT regulated by OFCOM, it is regulated by BBC Trust which has similar rules.TV News and New/Digital Media1:Does the TV News programme have a dedicated website?   Yes, http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b007mpkn2:What does the website offer viewers?   The Website allows all viewers to read all news stories in as much detail as possible. It shows the        most recent news, some that might be so recent it hasn't been shown on TV yet. It also lets people      read stories from previous days.3:Does the TV News programme have a Twitter feed?   Yes4:How does the Twitter feed promote the programme?   They promote their programme by re-tweeting/tweeting about interesting stories that'll interest            people who are not already viewing their TV News Show. This could also be seen as an attempt to      attract a younger audience.5:Is there an opportunity for the audience to get involved in the programme or submit news stories?

   There are only some opportunities for the audience to get involved 

Channel 4 detial

Basic details

When is Channel 4 News on?    It is on Monday to Friday at 7pm for 1 hour.

When was the programme first broadcast? 1982

What awards has the programme won? Two prizes for its journalism at the Political Studies Association and Foreign Press Association awards.

What is the media institution that produces Channel 4 News? Commercially funded but publically owned, it is a public service broadcaster with a remit from Government

Presenters

Who are the presenters?   Jon Snow, Krishnan Guru-Murthy, Cathy Newman and Matt Frei 

What are the presenters wearing? What does this communicate to the audience? The presenters are wearing formal clothes and Jon Sown has a variety of ties.

Why might a TV News programme use a variety of presenters? This is done so they aren’t seen raciest.

How are other reporters or presenters used in the TV News programme? There are shown as being relaxed and welcoming.

Is there a balance between male and female presenters? What about race/ethnicity? What effect might these aspects have on an audience? Yes, there is a Asian man and a female which makes the show less sexist and the they have to follow the Government law about . The audience want to watch it.

Opening sequence

Analyse the opening 2 minutes of the programme.

The show as animation of the 4 logo and start with their main story of the day at 7pm.

What is the very first shot? A medium shot

How does the opening sequence use graphics or images to grab the attention of the audience? They have bright colours going through the 4 logo

How is music used in the opening sequence? it is up beat

How are news stories introduced in the opening two minutes? Is there just one story or are the audience told what will be coming up later? In the intro graphics the video clip of the story came up

Studio mise-en-scene Formal clothes, lots of video, experts

What aspects of the studio can be seen by the audience? Desk, cameras, chair, TV

Are the presenters standing or behind desks? Why do you think this is? They start with standing up to introduce the stories to make the audience welcome.

Are journalists or technology visible? What might these things suggest to the audience? Yes, to make a more formal 

How does the studio use colour? It uses the colour sheme from the introduction

How news stories are presented Most important to lest important

How does the news programme typically present a story? With clip and with expert

What difference techniques does the programme use to present the news? Presenter to camera, reporter on location, interviews, graphics, images, video

What types of news does the TV News programme typically cover?  Politics, international, sport, 

Give two real examples of how news stories presented to keep the interest of the audience.

-Interviewing Johnny Deep

-Interview Nigel Farage

Running order

Watch the first 15 minutes of the programme – as recent as you can find.

What is the top story? Nepal earthquake

How long does the top story last for? 5minutes

What are the other stories the programme does or will cover? List them in the order they are presented in (the ‘running order’). 

-Nepal earthquake (5)

-LIB and SNP clash (2)

-David Cameron forget his team (1)

-Gallipoli centenary (2)

-Weather (2)

How long is each story shown for?

Why do you think each story was shown for the time it was?

It was present in a formal way but the story were given in a casual way

Audience

-The target audience is young adults at 16+

-People may choose to watch Channel 4 as it challenges controversy as well as look modernized for a younger audience to enjoy.

-There doesn't look to be any form of interaction during the programme

-The programme successfully does surveillance for the uses and gratification theory so people are -informed about what's happening.

Institution

-Ofcom owns Channel 4 News and regulates what is happening to ensure that no one is offended.

-Ofcom also has ITV and Channel 5 News.

-The programme fits by having a select time and makes it unique so that Channel 4 News is different and makes a different viewing experience.

-Ofcom checks to see that stories aren't biased but impartial by having two sides of the story.

TV News and New/Digital Media

-TV News and New/Digital Media

-Channel 4 News has a dedicated website with catch-up available.

It offers catch-up and clips from the show so that people can be informed of the news.

-Channel 4 News has a twitter feed.

-The Twitter page helps promotion by posting parts of the show  so that people maybe intrigued.

-People cannot use twitter to get their stories on 

Narrative theory: The Perks of Being a Wallflower

The trailer for The Perks of Being a Wallflower uses many narrative techniques typical of Hollywood romantic drama. Applying Propp's character theory, we have a clear protagonist or hero Charlie played by Logan Lerman who is a teenager with a past mentally illness record, he never stood out and was independent. Charlie friends Sam and Patrick played by Emma Watson and Ezra Miller are the heroine and the helper that help Charlie come out his shell and be more social with other people.These well known character types quickly help establish the romantic drama narrative and allow audiences to understand the main relationships within the two-minute running time of the trailer.

The film's narrative is clearly introduced in the trailer and follows Todorov's theory of equilibrium.Charlie finding what he want to do with his life and over coming his fear so socializing . The introduction of the bullying creates the disequilibrium - it showed us that he never stood out and didn't have many friends. The new equilibrium is not shown in the trailer - this is critical because even though a standard Hollywood romantic drama narrative would suggest that Sam and Charlie becone a couple in the end, the audience have to watch the whole film to enjoy this resolution.

The trailer is full of Barthes' enigma and action codes. These are designed to draw the audience in and encourage them to watch the whole film to resolve their questions. The major enigma codes the audience will ask would revolve around whether Charlie should ask Sam out. However, there are other enigma codes such as what happened Charlie in his child hood and Sam breaking up with a guy. Although action codes are less important in the genre of romantic drama, there are still plenty of dramatic scenes such as when Charlie punched a guy that bullied him. This suggests there will be moments of tension in the film and the only way to see what happen is to watch the whole movie.